Network Congestion Problem During Communication in VANET: A Review

Abstract

VANET plays an important role in the automated route among sources and destinations in the growth of smart cities in the world. The VANETs are focused on fewer network infrastructures. VANETs have difficulties in routing details, such as insecure networking, high fragmentation, and network partitioning, and thus dictated the creation of effective routing protocols. The measurement of the best route tests the efficiency of the communication while routing protocols guarantee information and data routing. Intelligent correspondence involves the study of VANET routing protocols. We have therefore examined various forms of current routing protocols in VANET in this paper. Vehicles are made easier to provide safety information by way of vehicle communications (V2V) or V2I (vehicle to infrastructure) communications. Therefore, a high number of vehicles create congestion problems in VANET to each and all vehicles share the details between them in this article. Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols are built in this sense to facilitate real-time connectivity among vehicles & roadside elements by minimal transmission collisions. The main challenges of the collision control scheme are to preserve contact on the MAC layer due to VANET characteristics. It thus contributes to end-to-end transmission delays and packet losses. The European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI) has innovated to tackle these important problems, the Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) system. This paper describes the various major congestion management problems. The congestion control is thus one of these networks ' most difficult issues. This article discusses the methods of congestion management.