Hydraulic Analysis of the Kabacan Water District Pipe Network

Abstract

This study intends to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the Kabacan Water District (KWD) pipe network in Bgy. Bannawag, Kabacan, Cotabato, Philippines, to assess the vulnerability of the water system in terms of the hydraulic integrity. Establishment of the network topology entails actual site survey to measure the distances between junctions, the ground elevations, and the pipe sizes. The sketch of the network topology is used as backdrop overlain on the EPANET to create the network map [11]. Simulation results indicate that there are excessive head losses beyond the allowable limit which is not sufficient to maintain the minimum operating pressure of 7.0 mwc (10 psi) in most of the nodes. This event signifies depletion of positive line pressures or a cutback in hydraulic capacity that cause unsatisfactory water supply in the network during peak hours. The situation could be worsened by failure of a pump or valve that can cause surges in pressure. The KWD network is vulnerable to pressure surges as evidenced by fluctuations caused by rapid pump start up or shut down. The vulnerability of the KWD network can be described using the EPANET simulation results, thus, mitigating measures can be done to address such and improve the capacity of the water system.

Keywords: Water Distribution System, Looped Pipe Network, Hydraulic Analysis, Head Loss