Overview of Algorithm for Clustering in VANETs

Abstract

VANETs are formed for safe mobility of vehicles by providing easy communication between them. For ensuring better communication clusters of vehicles are formed. A cluster helps to ensure that all the vehicles are reached and enables vehicle to vehicle communication. Messages to be propagated between vehicles are of two types 1. Man generated and 2. Sensor generated. In general VANET cluster is formed by moving vehicles in the same direction and one vehicle will act as cluster head and all of them communicate using WAVE technology, and they will also communicate to the roadside unit. As the vehicles move in the same direction cluster also moves and nearby road side units also changes. With the advent of new communication technology Cellular IoT, it has become possible that mobile networks can be used for communicating IoT messages. In order to implement the same technology into VANETs we reconstruct the clustering technique to be central to the mobile tower or any range in a geographical area, once the vehicle enters into that area it will become member of that cluster and start communicating with other vehicles. The optimization algorithm binds the cluster to a geographical area, may be based on the tower accessibility and GPS location. Clusters formed based on tower accessibility will enable take advantage of cellular IoT, so that vehicles can directly send and receive messages through cellular tower with other vehicles. Formation of cluster will enable multicast, there by restricting sending messages to vehicles who are not intended. And can also send broad cast whenever message applies to more than known vehicles.