Applying Digital Virtual Restoration and Three-dimensional Sand-Printing for Missing Parts of Rampart Walls

Authors

  • Young Hoon Jo
  • Jae Myeong Yeo
  • Yeong Take Kim

Abstract

A rampart had been relatively severely damaged owing to weathering, and some of the rampart stones were missing because of soiling, resulting in structural and esthetic damages. In this study, digital virtual restoration and sand-printing techniques were used to improve the stability of the rampart and its viewing environments. First, a virtual restoration of weathered stones reflecting the surface texture with a handheld precision scanning and haptic modeling system was conducted and a simulation wherein a metal support was added to examine the field applicability of the finished 3D model was performed. The restored rampart stones were printed with settings of lamination thickness of 0.28 mm out of the sand of an average of 140?m. The printed rampart stones received a finishing touch with reinforcing treatment after separating and drying processes. To apply the printed stones, metal supports were placed in accordance with the virtual simulation results, and the rampart stones were installed in the missing parts. In the restoration process, no structural problems were encountered, such as gaps or falling, and the inserted stones well demonstrated the features of the existing weathered stones, fitting in the surrounding stones with little obvious dissimilarities. This study showed significant implications for transforming traditional restoration methods into a contactless digital method. Further, it expanded the variety of printing materials using sand that best resembles the rampart wall within 3D printing materials that are the most similar to those of the rampart. If the durability and stability of the sand printed materials are fully verified in the future, they could be widely used in restoring outdoor buildings and stone cultural heritage.

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Published

2020-03-26

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Section

Articles