Design and optimization of Microstrip Patch Multi Band Antenna for Wireless Communication using Defected Ground Structure with Fractal geometry

Abstract

In this paper rectangular slotted defected ground structure (DGS) multiband microstrip fractal antenna has been  proposed. The proposed DGS slots uses self affine fractal geometry concept. The geometry is extended up to two iteration which resonates at penta band  frequencies. The proposed fractal patch antenna function at 2-4 GHz (S-band) and 4-8 GHz (C-band) frequencies and finds uses for military and secure telecommunication and C band frequency applications like Wi-Fi , Radio Detection & Ranging and  satellite communications. All designed antennas are optimized by IE3D  software simulation tool with Fire Retardant-4 epoxy (FR-4) material having 4.4 dielectric constant, 1.6mm thick and tan(?) (loss tangent ) 0.02. By placing rectangle structures in the ground plane( DGS) of the proposed antenna the  different parameters of all antennas have been examined in terms of antenna radiation efficiency, bandwidth, VSWR, return loss, gain and resonant frequency. The proposed microstrip antenna exhibits multi band, simple structure with  low cost dielectric material and overall size has been reduced.